Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral and Ethical Values

  • Authors

    • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka Professor, University of Tokyo, Japan. Author
    • Dr. Yuki Nakamura Associate Professor, Kyoto University, Japan. Author

    DOI:

    https://doi.org/10.67228/3071561X/IJIRHT-2021PI4N7A

    Published 01-03-2021

  • Cross-Cultural Ethics, Moral Philosophy, Cultural Values, Ethical Decision-Making, Global Ethics, Social Norms, Cultural Diversity

    Issue

    Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)

    Section

    Articles

    How to Cite

    [1]
    H. Tanaka and Y. Nakamura, “Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral and Ethical Values”, IJIRHT, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 01–13, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.67228/3071561X/IJIRHT-2021PI4N7A.

  • Abstract

    Human interaction and governance are guided by moral and ethical values that differ across cultures due to historical traditions, religions, philosophies, and social practices. This study examines how cultural backgrounds influence moral norms, ethical decision-making, and perceptions of justice and responsibility. It compares major ethical theories such as virtue ethics, deontology, and utilitarianism within different cultural contexts, focusing on value structures like individualism and collectivism. Using a qualitative and comparative literature approach, the research analyzes the role of religion, education, governance, and social institutions in shaping moral frameworks. The findings show that while cultural differences influence how ethical values are prioritized, many societies share common principles such as honesty, fairness, compassion, and respect. The study highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity and intercultural dialogue in addressing ethical challenges in globalization, international relations, and multicultural societies, promoting both cultural diversity and universal moral ideals.

  • References

    [1] Aristotle. (2009). Nicomachean Ethics. Oxford University Press.

    [2] Kant, I. (1993). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Hackett Publishing.

    [3] Bentham, J. (1988). The Principles of Morals and Legislation. Prometheus Books.

    [4] Mill, J. S. (2001). Utilitarianism. Batoche Books.

    [5] Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations. Sage Publications.

    [6] Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. McGraw-Hill.

    [7] Schwartz, S. H. (1999). A theory of cultural values and some implications for work. Applied Psychology, 48(1), 23–47.

    [8] Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and Collectivism. Westview Press.

    [9] Rachels, J., & Rachels, S. (2015). The Elements of Moral Philosophy. McGraw-Hill Education.

    [10] Pojman, L. P., & Fieser, J. (2017). Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Cengage Learning.

    [11] Graham, J., Haidt, J., & Nosek, B. A. (2009). Liberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(5), 1029–1046.

    [12] Haidt, J. (2012). The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion. Pantheon Books.

    [13] Sen, A. (2009). The Idea of Justice. Harvard University Press.

    [14] Huntington, S. P. (1996). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. Simon & Schuster.

    [15] Appiah, K. A. (2006). Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of Strangers. W.W. Norton & Company.

  • Downloads